Falling cadenza
Beethoven loved puns. Numerous letters, written notes and inscriptions on music bear witness to this personal sense of humour. He twisted letters or changed the meaning of words, although admittedly not always very imaginatively. He wrote "Cadenza (ma senza cadére)" above the cadenza for the first movement of the Fourth Piano Concerto op. 58. In so doing he might have been pointing to its level of difficulty - "ma senza cadere" is Italian and means "but without falling". (J.R.)
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